《通用无障碍发展北京宣言》中英全文

2018-10-16 清华大学无障碍发展研究院

通用无障碍发展北京宣言

Beijing Declaration on

Promoting Universal Accessibility

 

2018年10月15日

 “包容与多样”无障碍发展国际学术大会发布

Issued in Inclusion and Diversity:International Conference on Accessibility Development on October 15, 2018

 

(正文)

(Main Text)

 

通用无障碍发展北京宣言.jpg

图 通用无障碍发展北京宣言 封面


一、我们是来自世界各地的研究机构、学术群体、社会组织与行业部门的代表,于2018年10月15日在北京清华大学相聚一堂,在中国残疾人联合会指导、清华大学主办的“包容与多样——无障碍发展国际学术大会”上发布《通用无障碍发展北京宣言》,代表了我们对推动未来人居环境通用无障碍发展的共识。参加会议的还有相关政府部门、专业人士、行业从业者以及支持无障碍事业发展的相关方。

I. We are representatives of research institutions, academic communities, social organizations and industry sectors from all over the world, meeting at Tsinghua University in Beijing on October 15, 2018. The Beijing Declaration on Universal Accessibility Development, issued in Inclusion and Diversity: International Conference on Accessibility Development, and guided by the China Disabled Persons' Federation and sponsored by Tsinghua University, represents our consensus on promoting universal accessibility development of the future of human settlements. Participants also include relevant government departments, professionals, industry practitioners and interested parties supporting the promotion of accessibility development.

 

二、每个人的生命周期中都会面临行动和感知的障碍,无障碍与每个生命的权利和自由密切相关。根据世界卫生组织的统计,目前全世界总人口中有大约15%的人有某种形式的残疾,人口总量超过10亿人,其中近2亿经受着相当严重的功能困难。伴随着全球老龄化时代的到来以及寿命延长带来的慢性疾病增加,未来世界的残疾率将进一步上升,需要更多关切。

II. Every human being faces obstacles to movement and perception throughout his or her life span, and accessibility is closely linked to the rights and freedoms of every life. According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, about 15% of the global population currently has some form of disability, with a total population of more than 1 billion people, nearly 200 million of whom suffer from considerable functional difficulties. With the advent of the global population ageing and the rise in chronic diseases associated with longer life expectancy, the rate of disability around the world will rise further in the future, thereby more concerns are required.

 

三、2006年12月13日,联合国大会通过《残疾人权利公约》。《公约》再次确认了《联合国宪章》、《世界人权宣言》以及国际人权公约所宣告的原则,重申了人类大家庭所有成员的固有尊严和价值以及平等和不可剥夺的权利,是世界自由、正义与和平的基础。为了促进、保护和确保所有残疾人充分和平等地享有一切人权和基本自由,并促进对残疾人固有尊严的尊重,以“合理便利”与“通用设计”等理念与方法消除“基于残疾的歧视”是实现机会均等、切实参与、包容发展重要途径。

III. On December 13, 2006, the General Assembly of the United Nations passed the Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The Covenant reconfirms the principles proclaimed in the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenants on Human Rights, reaffirms the inherent dignity and worth, and the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family, and it is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world. To promote, protect and ensure the full and equal enjoyment of all human rights and fundamental freedoms by all persons with disabilities and to show respect for the inherent dignity of persons with disabilities, eliminating "disability-based discrimination" with concepts and methods such as "Reasonable Accommodation" and "Universal Design" is an important way to achieve equal opportunities, effective participation and inclusive development.

 

四、我们充分理解2015年联合国纪念国际残疾人日以“包容至上:赋予所有残疾人无障碍设施和权能”为主题,呼吁国际社会认识到推动残疾人赋权和平等在实现可持续发展目标中的重要性,建立包容和无障碍的城市。2016年联合国关于住房和永续城市发展的会议(人居III)通过了“基多宣言”,各个国家、政府的首脑、部长以及高级代表共享愿景,即平等的使用和享受城市与人类住区,寻求促进包容性,确保所有现在和未来的居民,没有任何形式的歧视,可以在正义、安全、健康、方便、能支付的、韧性和永续的城市和人类住区定居、生产,并提高所有人的生活质量,促进繁荣。

IV. We fully understand that the 2015 United Nations' International Day of Disabled Persons took "Inclusion First: Accessibility Facilities and Empowerment to All Disabled Persons" as the theme to call on the international community to recognize the importance of promoting the empowerment and equality of disabled persons in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and to build inclusive and accessible cities. The UN's Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat III) in 2016 passed "Quito Papers". Heads, ministers and high-level representatives of various states and governments shared a vision, namely, equal access to and enjoyment of cities and human settlements, seeking to promote inclusion, to ensure that all present and future residents are free from any form of discrimination, can stay in just, safe, healthy, convenient, affordable, perdurable and sustainable cities and human settlements for settlement and production, thereby improving the living quality of all people and promote prosperity.

 

五、为了能够进一步推动面向平等、包容、参与的诸多共识和实践,我们充分认识到当前人居环境的建设遵循“通用无障碍”原则的现实性、重要性和紧迫性:

V. In order to further promote a wide range of consensus and practice toward equality, inclusion and participation, we have fully realized that the construction of current human settlements follows the reality, importance and urgency of “universal accessibility” principles:

人居环境与基本服务无障碍:城镇化进程中多种形式的贫困、社会与经济发展水平的分化与空间隔离将导致在消除“基于残疾的歧视”的过程中更复杂和尖锐的矛盾,有些群体在社会经济快速发展中容易被遗漏和忽略,这为社会全体的永续发展带来巨大挑战,必须在人居环境的建设和社会基础设施与基本服务中,确立通用无障碍的基本原则,为所有人提供平等与充分参与的机会。

ⅰ. Accessibility between human settlements and basic services: many forms of poverty in the process of urbanization, differentiation of the level of social and economic development and spatial segregation will lead to more complex and acute contradictions while eliminating "disability-based discrimination", and some groups are easy to be omitted and ignored in the rapid development of social economy, bringing enormous challenges to the sustainable development of the whole society, thus it is a must to establish basic principles of universal accessibility in the construction of human settlements, social infrastructure and basic services, so as to provide equal and full-participation opportunities for all people.

信息无障碍:信息社会的科技进步与创新日新月异,人们对信息科技与人工智能的依赖程度不断提升。由于技术手段在通用无障碍性能上的差异,从而导致信息获取、加工、利用的困难和不平等,这些新兴技术的障碍使行动或感知不便利的群体失去了在信息社会交流与平等参与的机会。

ⅱ. Information accessibility: with the rapid scientific and technological progress and innovation of the information society, people's dependence on information technology and artificial intelligence is increasing. The difference of technical means in universal accessibility results in difficulties and inequality of information acquisition, processing and utilization. The obstacles of these emerging technologies make the groups inconvenient in mobility or perception lose the opportunities of communication and participation in the information society.

确立通用无障碍发展的范式:在定义和实施通用无障碍发展的过程中,政策、立法以及从规划、融资、建设、运行、治理的各个环节在系统化衔接、同步化实施等方面的不足,是导致通用无障碍的设施与服务效率低下的关键原因,必须重新反思与认识通用无障碍的发展范式对人居环境建设与社会服务产生的根本性影响,确立以法律为准绳、以用户为中心、以实际需求为基础、以无障碍愿景为导向、以无障碍系统规划为框架、以无障碍要素统筹为方法,以行动计划为保障的发展范式。

ⅲ. Establishment of universal accessibility development mode: in the process of defining and implementing universal accessibility development, deficiency of policies, legislation, planning, financing, construction, operation and governance in systematic link and synchronous implementation is the key reason for resulting in low efficiency of universal accessibility facilities and services, thus it is a must to rethink and recognize the fundamental effect of the development mode of general accessibility on human settlement construction and social services, so as to establish a development mode taking law as criterion, users as the center, actual demands as the basis, accessibility vision as the guide, accessibility system planning as the framework, overall arrangement of accessibility elements as the method, and actions as the plan.

多主体共同参与模式:理念的不断提升需要切实的行动给予保障。在不同层面、不同区域、不同环节提升通用无障碍的水平,需要包括政府、企业、社会组织在内的多方利益主体的充分参与与合作,确保在行动过程中,有充分的立法保障,有对行动主体的适当赋能,及时的监督、检查、评估与权衡,充分认识到通用无障碍的发展是一个达成“全社会最大公约数”的动态协调过程,是一个“永远在路上”的持续演进和改善过程。

ⅳ. Joint participation by multiple subjects: the continuous improvement of concepts needs to be guaranteed by concrete actions. The universal accessibility shall be improved in different levels, fields and procedures, including full participation and cooperation of multiple interest subjects: the government, enterprises and social organizations, to ensure full legislation guarantee, appropriate authorization to action subjects, timely supervision, inspection, assessment and weighing, and fully realize that the development of universal accessibility is a dynamic coordination process achieving "the biggest common divisor" in the whole society, and a continuous evolution and improvement process "always on the road".

 

六、作为共识,我们应当各自领域推动通用无障碍发展,提出如下行动倡议:

VI. As a consensus, we should promote the development of universal accessibility in each field, and propose the following action proposals:

我们认识到不同地域在经济发展水平、社会生活习惯、历史文化传统等方面的差异,所以我们应当着力研究通用普适的无障碍目标与因地制宜、因时制宜、因人制宜的关系,尊重不同的差异和发展水平,权衡并选择合理的目标与方式,从环境、信息、服务、就业等多方面提升通用无障碍水平。

ⅰ. We realize the differences in the level of economic development, social habits, historical and cultural traditions and so on in different regions, thus we should focus on the relationship between universal accessibility and measures for local conditions, time conditions and personal conditions, respect for differences and levels of development, weigh and select reasonable goals and ways, and promote universal accessibility level in environment, information, services, employment, etc.

我们认识到通用无障碍的目标是为了推动全社会平等、包容与充分参与,因此应当关注所有利益相关方以及各种行为与感知有不同障碍的群体,包括但不仅仅限于性别、年龄、文化、宗教、身心障碍等方面。与此同时,我们也应当意识到必须重点关注那些对消除障碍、实现平等更加敏感、高度依赖的群体,比如儿童、妇女、残疾人、贫困的老年人等,这些群体在实现通用无障碍愿景的过程中需要更多的投入与更大的关爱。

ⅱ. We realize that the purpose of universal accessibility is to promote equality, inclusion and full participation of the whole society, thus we should focus on all interested parties and groups with different obstacles in behaviors and perception, including but not limited to sex, age, culture, religion, somatopsychic disturbance, etc. At the same time, we should also realize that we must focus on the groups more sensitive to and highly depending on eliminating obstacles and realizing equality, such as children, women, the disabled and poor elderly. In realization of universal accessibility vision, these groups need more help and concerns.

我们督促相关政府部门以及所有利益相关方,在法律法规、政策、标准与发展规划的制定中,充分纳入通用无障碍的理念和原则,尊重不同群体的差异,保障残疾人群体在无障碍事务中的深度参与与广泛协商,提升残障人参加生活与生产活动的自主能力,以法律为准绳,监督通用无障碍在各个环节的落实,确保不同群体消除歧视的基本诉求。

ⅲ. We urge relevant governmental departments and all interested parties to fully incorporate ideas and principles of universal accessibility in formulation of laws and regulations, policies, standards and development planning, respect differences between diversified groups, guarantee deep participation and wide negotiation of disabled groups in accessibility matters, promote the autonomous ability of the disabled in participating in living and production activities, and take laws as criterion to monitor the implementation of universal accessibility in various steps, so as to guarantee the basic appeal of eliminating discrimination between different groups.

我们在遵守相关政策和法律的前提下,应当加强合作和交流,分享知识和经验,突破行业、领域等带来的壁垒,因为通用无障碍是所有人的福祉,需要所有人的投入。

ⅳ. Under the premise of obeying relevant policies and laws, we should enhance cooperation and communication, share knowledge and experience and break through the barrier in industries and sectors because universal accessibility is welfare of all people and needs contributions from all of us.

我们决心通过《通用无障碍发展北京宣言》强化我们在21世纪新时代面对城镇化诸多挑战的信心,加深我们对全社会平等、包容、永续发展的认识,促进我们在每一项具体行动中对上述理念的落实,实现我们的共同愿景。

ⅴ. We are determined, through the Beijing Declaration on Universal Accessibility Development, to strengthen our confidence in multiple challenges of urbanization in the 21st century, deepen our recognition on social equality, inclusion and sustainable development, and promote our implementation of the above ideas in each specific action, making our common vision come true.




清华大学无障碍发展研究院

清华大学无障碍发展研究院是在2016年4月23日清华大学105周年校庆之际,由中国残疾人联合会委托清华大学成立,获工信部、住建部、民政部、老龄委等国家部委大力支持。

研究院由清华大学建筑学院发起,联合美术学院、计算机科学与技术系、机械工程系、社会科学学院等共建,依托于于清华大学智库中心管理,定位于国家新型特色智库与交叉学科创新平台。

2019年5月16日,第六次全国自强模范暨助残先进表彰大会在京举行。中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平在人民大会堂亲切会见大会代表。清华大学无障碍发展研究院荣获“全国助残先进集体”称号,这是我国高校首次获得这个荣誉。

The Institute for Accessibility Development (ADI), Tsinghua University, was founded on April 23rd, 2016, when was the 105th Anniversary of Tsinghua University. It is a school-level transdisciplinary research institution built with the approval of Tsinghua University and managed by the Center of Tsinghua Think Tanks. It is supported by the China Disabled Persons’ Federation (CDPF) in conjunction with related state ministries and commissions, such as Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, Ministry of Civil Affairs, and National Council on Aging.

The ADI, initiated by the School of Architecture, jointly-built by the Academy of Art & Design, the School of Social Sciences, and the Department of Mechanical Engineering Department of Computer Science and Technology, attached to the Center of Tsinghua Think Tanks, Tsinghua University, is positioned as the national new-featured think tank and transdisciplinary innovation platform.

On May 16, 2019, the Sixth National Self-improvement Model and Excellence Conference for Disabled Persons was held in Beijing. President Xi cordially met with all representatives in the Great Hall of the People. At the meeting, the Institute of Accessibility Development of Tsinghua University was awarded the title of "National Advanced Group for Disability Assistance".

 

平台特色

以“用户中心(UserCentered)”的跨学科(Trans-Discipline)发展模式。

用户指一切在行动、感知等方面存在不便的人群,包括残障人、老年人、儿童以及身体受伤者等各种群体。跨学科的研究问题,涉及公共政策、法律、设计、技术、产品、教育等方面,通过相关研究和成果转化,服务于未来巨大的社会发展需要,重新塑造和提升我们生活环境与生存质量。

Characteristics

Users refer to those who are impaired in terms of actions and perception, including people with disabilities, elders, children, and people with temporary mobility impairments. Interdisciplinary research involves public policy, law, design, technology, products, education, etc. In terms of research and application, it serves the huge social development needs in the future, and reshapes and enhances our living environment and quality of life.

 

发展方向

(1)国情咨询与研究。系统开展中国国情下特定人群的生存状态、需求、矛盾以及相关解决方案中的科学问题与科学规律研究,为制度设计、政策制订提供扎实的依据。

(2)人居环境与技术创新。搭建通用无障碍的跨学科

研究框架,促进学科建设和交流,推动包括建筑、规划、工业设计、机械制造、互联网、医疗与康复、社会学等领域的交叉创新,成为我国未来健康人居发展的重要力量。

(3)人才培养与学科建设。统筹与对接政府、社会、市场等研究资源与支持力量,支撑相关学科的人才培养工作,引进专家、培养骨干、输出人才。

(4)社会协同与理念传播。支持NPO、NGO与社会企业的研究与活动,通过教育培训、公益活动、行业合作等大力传播无障碍理念,提升社会认知与公众参与。

Development Direction

ⅰ. Consultations and Research on China’s National Conditions: systematically research on living conditions and basic needs for people with disabilities and solutions of improving their social, economic, political, and cultural values, which contributes to providing scientific advice for policy makers.

ⅱ. Human-settlements Environment and Technology Innovation: supporting and guiding interdisciplinary research, including cross innovation in such areas as architecture, planning, industrial design, mechanical manufacturing, internet, healthcare and rehabilitation, social science.

ⅲ. Talent Training and Discipline Construction: managing research resources connecting with governments, the society and markets, and supporting discipline construction and talent training programs.

ⅳ. Social synergy and dissemination of ideas. Support the research and activities of NPO, NGOs and social enterprises, spread the concept of barrier-free through education and training, public welfare activities and industrial cooperation, and enhance social awareness and public participation.

发展目标

建设世界一流交叉学科研究平台。以世界眼光、国际标准和中国特色为引领,将通用无障碍研究和世界发展的脉动紧密联系,以相关领域的研究为抓手,将世界一流的机构、学者、技术资源与清华大学的研究发展做好对接,积极推动中国无障碍环境高质量发展。

Goals

Building a world class transdisciplinary research platform and promoting the development of accessible environments for all: based on global vision, international standards, and Chinese characteristics, Connecting well known corporations and organizations, world-class scholars and high-tech products.




《通用无障碍发展北京宣言》执笔人

邵磊——清华大学建筑学院副教授/博士生导师,清华大学无障碍发展研究院执行院长,中国残疾人事业发展研究会常务理事,中国建筑师学会建筑师分会理事,中国规划学会理事,中国城市规划学会住房与社区规划学术委员会秘书长,中国城市规划学会标准化委员会会员,清华大学建筑学院住宅与社区研究所所长。

Penner

Lei SHAO, Associate Professor of the School of Architecture, Executive Dean of the Institute for Accessibility Development, Tsinghua University; Member of the National Accessibility Construction Expert Committee; Director of the Accessibility Environmental Research Subcommittee for China Disabled Persons Development Research Association; Director of the Architects Branch of China Architecture Society; Director of China Planning Society; Secretary General of the Community and Housing Academic Committee for Urban Planning Society of China; Member of Standardization Committee of China Urban Planning Association; Director of Institute of Housing and Community, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University.

长期以来从事城市规划设计、高龄者及无障碍人居环境研究和旧住宅更新改造研究,《雄安新区无障碍规划标准导则》的编写工作,参与《无障碍设计规范》、《北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会无障碍指南》、《老年人活动中心编制标准》等多项国家标准制定。与中国建筑标准设计研究院联合开展的北京首开寸草安慧里养老介护设施项目,获得WA2018中国建筑奖居住贡献奖佳作奖和中国建筑学会2017-2018建筑设计奖住宅建筑专项二等奖。

For a long time, he has been working on the research on urban planning and design, human settlement environment on accessibility for elders and persons with disabilities, and renovation of old buildings. He also engaged in revising national standards, specifications and guidelines, including Guidelines for Accessible Planning Standards in Xiong'an New Area, Accessibility Guidelines for Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games, Accessible Universal Specifications, and Activity Center Standards for Elders. He won the WA Housing Award of WAACA 2018 and the second prize of the Architectural Design Award for Housing 2017-2018 of Architectural Society of China with China Institute of Building Standard Design and Research through completing the project of accessible renovation at the Cuncaochunhui Home for the Aged.




无障碍,是包容性社会永续发展的基础,是全社会的最大公约数,是保障所有人平等和尊严的基本条件,也是科学、技术与艺术体现人文关怀的重要内涵。

——清华大学无障碍发展研究院

 

Accessibility is the basis of a sustainable inclusive society, the common denominator of the whole society, the basic condition of guaranteeing equality and dignity for all people, and also an important part of science, technology and art.

——Institute for Accessibility Development,Tsinghua University

All Right Reserved © 清华大学无障碍发展研究院 2018 ICP备14033128号

联系电话:010-62798379

邮箱:adi@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

扫描关注微博

扫描关注公众号